The motion of objects and the forces acting upon them, encompassing concepts such as kinematics, dynamics, statics, and the laws of motion formulated by Isaac Newton, which help explain how and why objects move or remain at rest in various environments.

Kinematics, which focuses on describing motion without considering its causes, using concepts such as displacement, velocity, and acceleration; Dynamics, which analyzes the relationship between motion and the forces causing it, incorporating Newton’s laws of motion to understand how various forces affect the movement of objects; Statics, which studies objects at rest and the forces in equilibrium, examining how structures support loads and distribute stresses; Fluid Mechanics, which deals with the behavior of liquids and gases in motion and at rest, including concepts such as pressure, buoyancy, and viscosity;